The ruble is now a controlled currency. They artificially limit it's amount and balance. One of the things Russia did is severely limit ruble exchange to other currencies.
So no the sanctions worked so well that they were forced to severely limit the economy. The real price is muuch less. Officially in USSR 1 USD was about 0.6 RUB....
The sanctions worked very well. It's frustrating to see how people on both sides stick to ideologocal premises and not go more into details to find the truth....
A currency rate of exchannge is directly impacted by sanctions and how many people want/need a certain currency. In order to do trade with anyone you need to be able to exchange you currency to the currency of others.
As for your predictions, yep Germany in winter would probably have to pay 3 times more for gas and have some inflation.
As for Russia they woul all have to buy and accept anything China orders them to buy. And without trade Russia will lose most of it's small business, will not have luxury items like Playstations or computers etc.
Reminds me of Venesuela, probably theyll reach that level.