Problems That May Go Away with Bartering
Inflation and Deflation: Without a centralized currency, the issues of inflation and deflation related to monetary supply could be minimized.
Debt Crisis: Bartering could eliminate the problem of personal and national debt, as transactions would not involve loans or interest.
Wealth Inequality: The disparity created by wealth accumulation and capital can be less pronounced, as goods and services would be exchanged directly.
Financial Fraud: The risk of fraud associated with currency, such as counterfeiting or banking scams, could decrease.
Market Speculation: Without money, the speculative behavior in financial markets might diminish, leading to more straightforward exchanges.
Benefits of Bartering Direct Value Exchange: People can directly exchange goods and services based on their perceived value, promoting fairness in transactions.
Community Building: Bartering often encourages stronger community ties, as individuals interact more and build relationships.
Resource Utilization: Unused or underutilized resources can be exchanged, leading to more efficient resource distribution.
Skill Development: Individuals may have opportunities to develop and share diverse skills as they barter services.
Simplicity: The concept of trading goods and services can be more straightforward than navigating complex monetary systems.
Self-Sufficiency: Bartering may encourage self-reliance, as people seek to produce goods and services they need.
Reduction of Consumerism: It might lead to a decrease in consumer culture, as people focus on what they truly need and can offer in exchange.
There are many more pros and cons that can be discussed. The list of problems that are solved by switching to barter are monumental. Using money for trade might be convenient but it opens up a Pandora's Box worth of problems.
Barter does neither limited to p2p exchange neither have to have a debt.
If you need apples now for chickens you gave me, you could build barter chain among multiple people to get apples from where harvest season is now. It was impossible in the past, but perfectly doable now with modern computers and networks.
What you name a debt could be more like barter in time. People could even barter harvest seasons across the world to always have fresh apples everywhere.