if you want we can include head binding or artificial cranial deformation in this (it does apply), but imo its more of a modification then a surgical procedure.
Speaking of elongated skulls, it is also interesting to note that alot of them have signs of Trepanning. also i would imagine giving birth naturally to an infant with a larger then average skull would require the use of C section.
I bet life back then was quite a bit different then we think.
Anyway im just talking out loud at this point
Here's one where I was surprised they didn't just invent some lie about:
Usermontu's Knee Screw Baffles Experts: 2,600-Year-Old Medical Marvel (Ancient Origins 6/17/2024)
I even went so far as to check his wiki page and, yes, they admit it there too.
Their spin, though, is that it was inserted after death by the mummifiers to preserve the integrity of the body. Really? The same people that take out your innards and put them in jars were worried about a prosthetic pin?