I decided to check and it is at least a partially correct quote

Jefferson made in a letter to John Taylor in 1816. He wrote, "And I sincerely believe with you, that banking establishments are more dangerous than standing armies; & that the principle of spending money to be paid by posterity, under the name of funding, is but swindling futurity on a large scale"

So the overall opinion seems to be there, but the precise words perhaps not. https://www.monticello.org/research-education/thomas-jefferson-encyclopedia/private-banks-spurious-quotation/