Conclusion
Overall, the study findings demonstrated the ability of 3D printing to generate functioning brain tissues for simulating network activity in normal and pathological settings. The bioink-created tissues establish functional synaptic connections between neuronal subtypes and neuron-astrocyte networks in two to five weeks. The 3D platform provides a defined environment for studying human brain networks in healthy and pathological settings; however, it has limitations, such as the softness of the gel and the 50mm thickness of the printed tissues.