Rigged is not the right word. The US, like everywhere in the world before the invention of the auto, had a city center and suburbs within walking or trolley distance. All that happened, was that the commuting distance went out further in the 1950s due to the capacity to travel easily on highways combined with white flight. It was a combination of utopian planning and dystopian reaction to shitty race relations.
Rigged is not the right word. The US, like everywhere in the world before the invention of the auto, had a city center and suburbs within walking or trolley distance. All that happened, was that the commuting distance went out further in the 1950s due to the capacity to travel easily on highways combined with white flight. It was a combination of utopian planning and dystopian reaction to shitty race relations.
It was not a deliberate "muh ha ha" knuckles rubbing together conspiracy, which is what people mean when they say "rigged."
Well most people dont want to live in cities.