Recently James Corbett did an episode of Corbett Report on tools for online researchers. He listed some he uses and then his site members listed more in the comments.
Here I've compiled them all together with a brief explanation. You can now find this list on the links page in it's own "Tools" section. Suggestions for additions to the list are welcome, here in the comments, or sent to modmail anytime.
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youtube-dl - comprehensive program for downloading youtube videos - terminal or GUI - with many options
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Yandex Image Search - excellent image search & reverse image search too
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convertcase - convert the case of copy/pasted text
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highlighter - extension for an online highlighter
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HTtrack or webhttrack - download and preserve entire websites
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Web to PDF - online webpage to pdf convertor
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Million Short - Million Short makes it easy to discover sites that just don't make it to the top of the search engine results for whatever reason
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Archive web pages: https://archive.ph/ or https://archive.is
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https://ricks-apps.com/osx/sitesucker/ (like Htrack for OSX)
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nsfwyoutube.com - watch age-restriced videos on youtube without signing in. Just paste nsfw in front of youtube in addressbar of video
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Bypass Paywalls - extension for Chrome, Brave, Chromium - also available for Firefox
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Open Broadcaster Software - download in-progress live streamed videos
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ArchiveBox - powerful, self-hosted internet archiving solution to collect, save, and view sites you want to preserve offline
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Wallabag - self hostable application for saving web pages: Save and classify articles. Read them later. Freely.
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Keepnote - note taking application that works on Windows, Linux, and MacOS X
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WayBack Machine Downloader - Download archived webpages from wayback machine
To that end: For printing a PDF you'll want to print 2 pages per sheet, side by side, and then cut them in half with a paper guillotine. Half the amount of paper used, and still a good size for reading.
This can be finicky to do in free word processors (adobe acrobat pro seems to do it perfectly) - personally I use Libre Office, and find I get the best result by setting the format of the PDF to B5(ISO) and then under print settings set paper size to A4 (the size of paper I'll be printing on) and then set "2 pages per sheet". Then you must scroll through a few preview pages just to make sure no text has been cut, and maybe print a test page.
Printing initially in small ranges is good too, just in case you encounter an error need to reprint. That way you have not printed an entire long document in an unsuitable format.
Even if this seems like excessive precaution; it could be handy, if you are predominantly an ebook reader, to have a few books / articles you want to read printed out like this for blackouts or bug-outs.