So were the 16th 17th &,18th https://blog.independent.org/2013/02/12/the-16th-amendment-a-transfer-of-power-from-the-states-to-the-federal-government/ I think the 16th, 17th and 18th were actually bigger mistakes, but that's MHO. https://conventionofstates.com/news/effect-of-the-seventeenth-amendment (this covers the 18th, as well and 19th. ) The 19th was more easily justifiable, as it was presumed that wives and husbands would share similar values.