Umm, Acts 15 (:29) is the source .... "That ye abstain from meats offered to idols, and from blood, and from things strangled, and from fornication: from which if ye keep yourselves, ye shall do well. Fare ye well." James, Paul, Peter, etc. For doubters it's repeated in identical words in Acts 21:25.

The Noahide laws mean laws that can be inferred from Gen. 1-11 as belonging to Noah and thus to all humanity. All humanity gets to decide what they are. However, the Tosefta, Avodah Zarah 9:4, a second-century work (following the rabbis Jesus interacted with and predating the Talmud), gives the first formal listing: "The sons of Noach were given seven commandments: courts, idolatry, blasphemy, forbidden sexual relations, bloodshed, theft, and consuming the limb of a living animal." The last is the same as strangulation, namely preventing animal abuse. Almost all cultures almost always agree on these basics (C.S. Lewis, Abolition of Man appendix).

Add: I forgot there was an earlier (100s BC) listing in Jubilees 7:24, during the pre-Christ covenantal period prior to rabbinical Judaism, that is analytically comparable but contains further nuances: "To observe righteousness, and to cover the shame of their flesh, and to bless their Creator, and honour father and mother, and love their neighbour, and guard their souls from fornication and uncleanness and all iniquity."

The fact that Jews take it seriously to join with humanity in deciding, as a community of equal children of Noah, on the simplest moral law for all, something very similar to the Ten Commandments, is their prerogative as much as that of any other children of Noah. There is no difference between that and any other culture recognizing the difference between the natural law and the local national law.

There is of course a separate current in Judaism about the idea that people who don't accept the Messiah will not get to participate in the Kingdom and will be cast out as a lower, noncitizen class, and as stated it's essentially identical in Christianity and in Islam too.

Remember, rabbis are cagey, and they never put themselves on the hook for the things that people claim they say. When you look into what they believe you find things that are not much different from the triumphalism in other religions.